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What is the function of oil in transformer?

 What is the function of oil in transformer?

 


The oil used is purposed for two main reasons;

1. Cooling

2. Insulating

 

The oil used must possess the following properties.

1. High dielectric strength

2. Free from inorganic acid, alkali and corrosive sulphur to prevent injury to the conductor or insulation.

3. Low viscosity to provide good heat transfer

4. Free from sludging under normal operating conditions.

5. Good resistance to emulsion so that the oil may throw down any moisture entering the tank.

 
Cooling

The transformer windings dissipate waste heat, which needs to be removed. Transformer oil absorbs this heat from the windings and conducts it to the outside of the transformer, where it can be dissipated to the outside air.

It is possible to build an air-cooled transformer. These are used where spillage of the insulating oil is an unacceptable hazzard. I.e., for indoor hazard.

 

Insulation

All parts which might be at different voltages must be insulated from each other.

 In air insulated equipment adequate clearance must be allowed around all live parts, to prevent flashover through the air. Alternatively, solid insulation would be required to all live arts, which is expensive. Oil is much better insulator than air, so the clearanes can be reduced. This makes the equipment much more compact.

Commerical transformer use both solid and liquid insulation. Solid paper insulation is used for the windings, where to cover all the parts that don’t have solid insulation. The oil also penetrated into the paper and fills the air gaps, improving the quality of the paper insulation.  

 

Poly-chlorinated biphenyl (PCB) is used as the insulating liquid of choice.


If you have any doubts regarding this topic ask me the comment section.


                                  TAKE CARE....CHEERS....BYE!

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